Annales Cambriae
B, C, D and E in Parallel,
from AD 1251 to AD 1289
Henry W. Gough-Cooper
First edition (June 2024)
Published online by the Welsh Chronicles Research Group:
http://croniclau.bangor.ac.uk
Introduction: Annales Cambriae B, C, D & E in parallel, from AD 1251 to AD 1289
Over four decades ago, Prof. David Dumville suggested making parallel editions of the chronicles that have come to be known collectively as Annales Cambriae , the Welsh Latin chronicles (Dumville 1977). Presented here are the final sections of the four principal chronicles in parallel from 1251 to 1288: the major chronicle from the Neath Breviate of Domesday ( Annales Cambriae B-text); the St Davids, or Cottonian, chronicle ( Annales Cambriae C-text); and two chronicles from Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, Cronica ante adventum domini ( Annales Cambriae D-text), and Cronicon de Wallia ( Annales Cambriae E-text).
Structure
B has a penultimate run of consecutive annals, b1272–b1298, for the AD years 1251 to 1277. There are then two annals, b1299 and b1300, for the years 1282 and 1283, and then a final isolated annal, b1301, for 1286. The date given by b1301, m.cc.lxxxui, is possibly in error for m.cc.lxxxiu, under which year (1284) a fire at Strata Florida is noted in the Annals of Chester. [1]
C has an empty annal, c573, between its annal c572 for an event of 1250 and its annal c574 for events of 1254. Its annals c574–c585 are for events of 1254 to 1264, but four of these are empty. The first item of c586 is also for an event of 1264, but the second item is for an event of 1270, as is c587. Annals c588 to c591 are empty, but c592 is by deduction also for an event of 1270. Annals c593 and c594 are for events of 1271 and 1272. There is no annal for 1273; but, thereafter, c595–c609 are consecutive annals for the years 1274 to 1288. The last annal, c610, was prepared but is without rubricated initial and is empty.
D, after its annals d40–d62, which are almost all misstated as a year in arrears of the events noted (d62 ‘1249’ = 1250), resynchronises with the true AD date at d63 ‘1250’ = 1250. The annals in D are not, however, a year-by-year chronicle until d67, where there is a short series of consecutive annals for the years 1257 to 1266 (d75). There is then a leap to an annal, d76, marked ‘1273’, but this and the next annal, d77, are both for events of 1274. Thereafter, d78–d86 are for events of 1276 to 1285, with d81 being for events of 1279 and 1280.
E, after its annal for events of 1249 (e46 ‘1248’), jumps to 1254 (e47), and then has a series of consecutive annals, e47–e58, for the years 1254 to 1266. The compiler copied the annals for 1259 and 1260 out of sequence, but this is recognised in the manuscript by the addition of a small ‘b’ and ‘a’ in front of the respective annals, e52 and e53.
Both the B and C texts show signs of the final stages of their compilation, both in structure and content. In B, this is evident from the gap that occurs after 1277 in the long series of dated annals that run almost continuously from 1097 (only the year 1232 is omitted, as it is also in E). After its annal for 1277 (b1298), B ends with a codicil of three annals for events of the years 1282, 1283 and 1284. In C, the annal for 1255–56, c576, is the last of what is up to that point a ‘closed’ chronicle, where no provision has been made by the scribe for additions. Thereafter, the compiler has left gaps between many of the annals, and of the fifteen further annals on the leaf (folio 153v) eight are empty. The annal for 1270 (c587) is followed by four empty annals, apparently taking the chronicle down to 1274 at the end of the second column on the leaf, which is the last of a bifolio. At the start of the first leaf of the new bifolio (154r), the first annal, c592, is, by deduction, for 1270 (c594 notes the death of Henry III of England, who died in November 1272). This disjunction in the chronology of the annals probably signals the start of the final period of compilation. C has no annal for 1273. Again, spaces of one or two lines are left between most of the annals, and the last two leaves in particular have the untidy appearance of a draft, a work-in-progress. From this evidence, the C-text, uniquely amongst the chronicles under consideration, was still an active chronicle when it was abandoned; its last four annals lack rubricated capitals, and the last empty annal, c610, prepared but empty, should have been for 1289.
Unlike B and C, D and E do not pretend to be continuous year-by-year chronicles.
Contents
After their annals for c. 1202–04, the major chronicles B and C are wholly independent of one another, with no evidence for a common source. Indeed, the descriptors Annales Cambriae B, Annales Cambriae C, although convenient and long engrained in custom, are now entirely inappropriate. B now properly stands for the ‘Breviate’ chronicle, the major chronicle in the flyleaves of the Neath Breviate of Domesday, London National Archives MS E164/1, pp. 2–26, and C for the ‘Cottonian chronicle’, the St Davids chronicle in British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A. i, folios 138r–155r. The chronicles in Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, D and E, are partially derivative of the sources that underlie B and C.
B and the Welsh vernacular chronicles, Brut y Tywysogyon (‘the Brutiau’), run in parallel 1231–1246 and 1251–1263, but the relationship is complex. [2] For 1251, 1252 and 1253 the Brutiau have items that are close Welsh parallels of the Latin annals in B, b1272, b1273 and b1274, but the Brutiau ’s annals for 1251 are more specific, and their annals for 1252 and 1253 each have one extra item not in B (a note on the weather and a note of the bishop of St Davids, respectively), but which look as though they were in the Welsh annals’ source. The Brutiau’s annals for 1254 also have an item not in B, and B also has an item not in the Brutiau but this is one of the frequent Winchester-Waverley parallels found in B from its early twelfth-century section onwards. The Brutiau’s next annals, for 1255, have the same four items as b1276, but their equivalent of the first item in b1276 is shorter, and they have an extra item not in B (the purchase and installation of a new bell at Strata Florida). The Brutiau ’s annals for 1256 have no equivalent to the first item of b1277, and their equivalents of the other items in b1277 are shorter and less specific as to days and dates than the last two items in B. However, the Brutiau here have a second item about the bishop of St Davids not in B. The annals in B and the Brutiau for 1257 begin in a similar vein, but again B is more specific as to date, but then diverge completely; the annals in the Brutiau bear little or no resemblance to the ten items in b1278 (the Brutiau have split their annals for 1257 over two years, but even then are considerably shorter than b1278). The annals in the Brutiau for 1258, while touching on some of the same events as b1279, are very brief compared to the extensive accounts in B, which again is more specific as to days and dates. Then the Brutiau’s account of Welsh events lapses completely with their annal for 1259, while the next annal in B, b1280, continues to be detailed and specific. The Brutiau do have an account of the taking of Builth castle (1260), but it is much briefer and varying in detail from the account in the second item of b1281, and the Brutiau have no equivalent of the first item in B, or of the subsequent four items. The Brutiau ’s annals are obituaries not found in B, where b1282 notes the death of the abbot of Cwm-hir. In their annals for 1262, both the Brutiau and b1283 (first item) note the death of the Clare earl of Gloucester, but B is mistaken about his name, ‘Gilbert’ rather than the correct Richard, even though it provides more detail about the cause of his death and the place of his burial (but is also in error about the location). The Brutiau are more detailed on the capture and destruction of Cefnllys than the second item in b1283, but the third item in B is more detailed about the ensuing events and the besieging of Roger de Mortimer in the castle ruins. The account in the Brutiau is again less detailed and with no specific dates given, or the name of the castle. The next annals in the Brutiau, for 1263, touch on the same events as b1284 – the slaughter at Clun, the start of the Second Barons’ War, the taking of Degannwy by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, and Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn’s capture and the destruction of Yr Wyddgrug – but the accounts are essentially different and noted in a different order, and the Brutiau have no equivalent of the last three items here in B. After their annals for 1263, B and the Brutiau diverge completely.
To summarize: the Brutiau for 1251 to 1255 are parallel to, but more detailed than B; thereafter, from 1256 to 1263, B is more detailed and much more specific than the Brutiau , even though the latter touch on some of the same subjects from time to time. It is significant that B loses sight of Maelgwn Ieuanc ap Maelgwn ap Rhys, so that, although the deaths of his children are recorded in 1254 and 1255, his death is not (it is noted in the Brutiau in their annals for 1257). The annals in B for 1259 and 1261 are completely different from those in the Brutiau. The annals in B are oddly oblique about the Barons’ War, with no mention of the battle of Evesham in b1286 (1265) or of the siege of Kenilworth in b1288 (1266), and none of the Welsh Latin chronicles refer to the Treaty of Montgomery of 1267. Indeed, there are several Winchester-Waverley parallels in the annals for 1267, 1268 and 1271 (b1290, for the year 1269, is empty), and the annals become very slight from 1268 to 1273, [3] reviving somewhat for 1274, 1276 and 1277, where they note the initial establishment of Edwardian hegemony over North and West Wales. The brief codicil for 1282, 1283 and 1286 (or 1284; see note above), neatly closes the chronicle with the final liquidation of the Gwynedd dynasty and the burning of Strata Florida.
C is independent of both B and the Brutiau . An apparent lacuna of three years between 1250 and 1254 is marked by a single empty annal, c573; the preceding annal, c572, is for an event of 1250, and the following annal, c574, notes events of 1254. At its annal for 1255 (c575), we start to find parallels of C in E , where in the third item of e48 there occurs a change of hand and ink; c576 is paralleled by e49, and c578 is partially paralleled by the fourth item in e50, while the fifth item is a parallel of c579. The next annal in C , c580, is empty, but c581 is paralleled by the second item in e53, and c583 is paralleled by the third item in e55, and c585 by the sixth and seventh items in e56. E ends with an annal for 1266. From 1254 to 1270 C is very thin; of the twenty-three annals on folio 153v nine are empty, and of the remainder only seven concern Wales. The annal for 1256 announces the start of a great war in Wales, but in stark contrast to the detailed campaign accounts of 1256–1260 and 1262–63 in B, C notes briefly only three events.
When the new bifolio starts (c592) the chronicle has apparently doubled-back to 1270 and subsequently shows some further signs of being a work-in-progress (e.g. the corrections in c598, c599 and c603; leaving space between annals for further expansion; the innovation of starting to provide AD dates in the last few annal headers). C never loses sight of St Davids, recording in c575 and c576 the death of Bishop Thomas and the consecration of his successor, Richard, in Rome (1255, 1256). The final run of annals begins with two notes of Bishop Richard’s trip to France after Easter, and his return to Wales the following year, around Ascension Day (c592 and c593). As the death of King Henry III of England in 1272 is noted in c594, Richard’s trip was by deduction in 1270 and 1271. The following annals give a considerable amount of detail pertaining to St Davids and its dependencies: c596, the establishment of a shrine to St David in the church; c598, a pilgrimage made to St Davids by Prince Edmund; c599, the appointment of the treasurer of St Davids as archdeacon of Brecon, and the installation of a new rector in Llanfynydd; c601, the death of Bishop Richard and the election of his successor, Thomas Bek, and his confirmation and consecration at Lincoln, the election of the archdeacon of St Davids as bishop of Exeter and the appointment of the treasurer to the archdeaconship and the appointment of his successor as treasurer; c603, the death of the treasurer, William, and the appointment of his successor, John; c604, the death of the archdeacon of Carmarthen, a note of his successor, and of the church of Llangadog being made collegiate; c605, a visit from John Peckham, archbishop of Canterbury, the king and queen visiting St Davids on pilgrimage on 26 November, and the town of Haverfordwest regaining its privileges; c607, note of a large subsidy made by the bishop, Thomas Bek, on behalf of the clergy, to the Papal nuncio to England, Guifrid. The chronicle ends with three natural ‘miracula’, precisely dated: c608, a blood moon on 19 June, and an earthquake on 15 March (this possibly the March following June 1287); c609, a solar eclipse on 2 April. All these natural events are described in some detail. The eclipse makes a fortuitously poetic ending to C, but the preparation of a further annal shows that there was no intention that the chronicle would stop there. C could possibly represent a stage in the compilation of a now lost ‘fair copy’, into which the interpolated annalistic notes would have been fully assimilated.
After an initial computus, the annals in D to AD 596 are based on Geoffrey of Monmouth’s De gestis Britonum. Thereafter, the annals, now dependent on the Bury St Edmunds chronicle of John de Taxster (JdT), [4] show very little direct interest in Wales. D is dependent on a version of JdT down to 1265 (d74), with the possible addition of the annal for 1266 (d75), although this last is not in any of the extant witnesses to JdT. D has nothing in common with B , but from its annal for 1254 (d66) it starts to be paralleled by E , although the items in d66 are found appended to the annal for the following year in E, e48 (1255). D then jumps to 1257 (d67) where it has two items paralleled by the first two items in e50 (but the third item in e50 is a parallel of the first item in c578, and the fourth item in e50 is a parallel of the first and only item in c579). The annal d68 is paralleled by e51, and d69 and d70 are paralleled by e53 and e52 (as explained above, the copyist of E reversed the chronological order of these two annals). Annal d71 is paralleled by e54, but e55 is a parallel of 1) d73 and 2) c585; d74 and d75 are paralleled by e57 and e58. The pattern suggests that E was drawing on both D and C, or their sources, for its annals e50, e55 and e56. D then jumps again, from 1266 (d75) to 1274 (d76 ‘1273’) where B, C and D all record the coronation of Edward I of England in 1274. But here C has a parallel of d77 noting the Council of Lyons of 1274, and D has then no annal for 1275. Therefore, the annals in D appear to be parallels, often abbreviated, of those in C to 1284. The last annal in D (d86) breaks off in mid-sentence, but, although noting the same events, is perhaps independent of C. In short, D appears to depend on C for its annals for 1274 to 1284; E appears to parallel D and C for its annals from 1255 (the last three or four items of e48, where there is a change of hand and ink) to 1266 (e58).
Abbreviations:
B: The Welsh-Latin Breviate chronicle in the Neath Breviate of Domesday, London, National Archives MS E164/1, pp. 2–26 (see Gough-Cooper 2015a).
C: The Welsh-Latin Cottonian chronicle, London, British Library Cotton MS Domitian A. i, folios 138r–155r (see Gough-Cooper 2015b).
CCCC 92: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS 92 (see Thorpe 1849).
D: Cronica ante aduentum domini, Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, pp. 523–8 (see Gough-Cooper 2015c).
DPNW: Owen and Morgan 2007.
E: Cronicon de Wallia, Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, pp. 507–19 (see Gough-Cooper 2016).
HBC: Fryde et al. 2003.
HD: Cheney and Jones 2004
JdT: The Bury St Edmunds Chronicle of John de Taxster, London, British Library, Cotton MS Julius A. i, ff. 3r–43v.
Luard ii: Luard 1865.
OHE Powicke: Powicke 1962.
P: Jones 1952.
R: Jones 1954.
S: Jones 1971.
Runciman, HC3: Runciman 1954.
References:
Cheney, C. R. (ed.) and Jones, M. (rev.) (2004) A Handbook of Dates , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dumville D. N. (1977/8) ‘The Welsh Latin Annals’, Studia Celtica 12/13, 461–7.
Dunbabin, J. (1998) Charles I of Anjou: Power, Kingship and State-making in Thirteenth-century Europe , London: Longman.
Fryde E. B., Greenway, D. E., Porter, S. and Roy, I. (2003) Handbook of British Chronology , Royal Historical Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gough-Cooper, H. W. (ed.) (2015a) Annales Cambriae: The B Text, from London, National Archives MS E164/1, pp. 2–26 , <http://croniclau.bangor.ac.uk/documents/AC%20B%20first%20edition.pdf>
Gough-Cooper, H. W. (ed.) (2015b) Annales Cambriae: The C Text, from London, British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A. i. ff. 138r–155r , <http://croniclau.bangor.ac.uk/documents/AC%20C%20first%20edition.pdf>
Gough-Cooper, H. W. (ed.) (2015c) Annales Cambriae: The D Text, from Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, pp. 523–8,
<http://croniclau.bangor.ac.uk/documents/AC%20D%20first%20edition.pdf>
Gough-Cooper, H. W. (ed.) (2016) Annales Cambriae: The E Text, from Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3514, pp. 507–19 , <http://croniclau.bangor.ac.uk/documents/AC_E_First_Edition%20%20.pdf>
Goyau, G. (1910) ‘Second Council of Lyons (1274)’, in The Catholic Encyclopedia , New York: Robert Appleton Company, vol. 9, pp. 477–8.
Goyau, G. (1911) ‘Philip IV’, in The Catholic Encyclopedia, New York: Robert Appleton Company, vol. 12, pp. 4–6.
Gransden, A. (2004) ‘Taxster, John of (fl.1244–c.1270)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hughes, K. (1980) ‘The Welsh Latin Chronicles: Annales Cambriae and Related Texts’, in her Celtic Britain in the Early Middle Ages: Studies in Scottish and Welsh Sources , ed. D. Dumville, Woodbridge: Boydell, pp. 67–85.
Jackson, P. (trans.) (2009) The Seventh Crusade, 1244–1254: Sources and Documents , Farnham: Ashgate.
Jones, T. (trans.) (1952) Brut y Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes: Peniarth MS. 20 version , Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Jones, T. (ed. and trans.) (1954) Brut y Tywysogyon or The Chronicle of the Princes: Red Book of Hergest Version , Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Jones, T. (ed. and trans.) (1971) Brenhinedd y Saesson or The King of the Saxons: BM Cotton MS Cleopatra B v and The Black Book of Basingwerk, NLW MS. 7006 , Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Lloyd, J. E. (1912) A History of Wales: From the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest , 2 vols, London: Longmans, Green & Co.
Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1865) Annales Monastici, vol. 2, Rolls Series 36, London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts and Green.
Lynn, W. T. (1905) ‘The Comets of A.D. 1264 and 1556’, The Observatory 28, 217–18.
Maund, K. (2006) The Welsh Kings, Stroud: Tempus.
Owen, H. W. and Morgan, R. (2007) Dictionary of the Place Names of Wales , Llandysul: Gomer Press.
Powicke, M. (1962) The Thirteenth Century, 1216–1307, The Oxford History of England, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Ridgeway H. W. (2004) ‘Henry III (1207–1272)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Runciman, S. 1954. A History of the Crusades, Volume Three: The Kingdom of Acre and the Later Crusades , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thorpe B. (ed.) (1849) Florentii Wigorniensis monachi Chronicon ex chronicis , vol. 2, London: sumptibus Societatis.
Smith, J. B. (2008) ‘Historical Writing in Medieval Wales: The Composition of Brenhindd y Saesson’, Studia Celtica 42, 55–86.
Stephenson, D. (2011) ‘The Chronicler at Cwm-hir Abbey, 1257–63: The Construction of a Welsh Chronicle’, in R. A. Griffiths and P. R. Schofield (eds), Wales and the Welsh in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to J. Beverley Smith , Cardiff: University of Wales Press, pp. 29–45.
Stevenson, J. (ed.) (1839) Chronicon de Lanercost 1201-1346 , Edinburgh: The Bannatyne Club.
[1] This last annal is dated 1286, perhaps due to a scribal error in transcribing the minims of iv as vi. The event is recorded under the probably correct year (1284) in the Annales Cestrienses ; see Smith 2008, 74f., fn. 114.
[2] David Stephenson has conjectured that Whitland borrowed a Strata Florida text covering 1231–56, adding entries for 1257–9. Cwm-hir then borrowed the Whitland text (1231–1259) where further, mid-Wales, material for 1257–9 was added in and the narrative continued to 1263 (Stephenson 2011, 34).
[3] The annal for the death of ‘Rhys ap Maredudd’ (b1291, 1270) may be a misreading of a notice for the death of Rhys Fychan ap Rhys Mechyll (Hughes 1980, 81), although Rhys Fychan did not die until 1271. The Lord Maredudd’s son and heir, Rhys ap Maredudd ap Rhys, having been in rebellion against the Crown for some years, was executed in 1291 at York, as recorded in the Chronicle of Lanercost (Stevenson 1839, 145, s.a. 1291): Eodem anno Reismareduc, quidam de nobilioribus Walliae, regis Angliae proditor, in crastino sanctae Trinitatis [Jun. 2] apud Eboracum judicialiter tractus est, et per tres dies et noctes suspensus apud Knaresmire (‘In the same year Rhys ap Maredudd, one of the nobility of Wales, traitor to the king of England, was lawfully executed at York on the day after Trinity Sunday, and for three days and nights hung at Knavesmire’). The death of the Lord Maredudd ap Rhys is then placed two years too late under the annal (b1294) for 1273.
[4] Hughes 1980, 77; perhaps through the medium of a lost variant version. The two extant witnesses are London, British Library, Cotton MS Julius A. i, ff. 3r–43v, and London, College of Arms, Arundel MS 6. Additionally, John de Taxster's annals for 1152–1265 were transcribed by the Bury St Edmunds compiler as part of their continuation to 1295 of John of Worcester's Chronicon ex chronicis in the version found in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS 92 (Thorpe 1849). See also Gransden 2004.
Annales Cambriae B, C, D and E in Parallel, from AD 1251 to AD 1288
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B(reviate chronicle) |
C(ottonian chronicle) |
D (‘Chronica ante |
E (‘Cronicon de Wallia’) |
aduentum domini’)
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[b1272 1251] Anus ·m·cc·li · Gladus filia domini lewelíní apud wíndesour · morgan filíus resi magní · ob iit |
[c573] Annus. |
[d64] Anno. mo.CC.li. quida m seductor [1] collegit pastor um multitudinem. Eod em anno die Natal is domini. Alex ander . Rex scocie accinctus est militarib us apud Ebor am . a Rege . H(enrico). Angl ie . et i n crastinu m duxit in uxore m ei us filia m margaretam. [2] |
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[b1273 1252] Anus ·m·cc·líi · lewelin us filíus gurwareth tunc ballíuus dominí ·h(enrici)· regís in terra q ue fuerat dominí maelgonís íuníorís cepit mandato regío predam sup er uíros de eluael eo q uod quasi heredítario uolebant vtí pasturís moncium [3] de elenẏth · |
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[b1274 1253] Anus m·cc·liii · Illustris rex anglie dominus ·h(enricus)· filíus ·Iohannis· cu m magno excercítu in burgundiam [4] círca principíu m augustí transfretauít [5] · commendando regnu m anglíe . Edwardo filio suo et domino Rícardo fratri suo comítí cornubíe et regine · |
[d65] Anno. mo.CC.liii. H(enricus). Rex cepit de quolib et feodo militarib us . sol idum . ad faciendam. Edward um milite m . Eod em anno . H(enricus). Rex procurauit decimani p er quinquenniu m tam de religioses qui a aliis personis ecclesiasticis ut faceret Eadmundu m filiu m suu m regem Cicilie et Apul ie . Eode m anno dominus Rex transfretauit i n Wascon . uiii . Id us Augusti . [6] Eodem anno obiit Robert us Lincoln iensis episc opus Non as . Oct obris . [7] |
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[b1275 1254] Anus ·m·cc·liiii · henric us rex anglíe de gasconía m in anglia m relicto ibide m domino edwardo filio suo cu m ingenti excercítu i n custodia illar um parciu m redíít · Guenllian filia domini mailgonís ob iit die sancte kateríne · eodem anno dictus ·e(dwardus)· profectus e st cu m ·B(onefacio)· archiepiscopo in hispania m et ibi desponsauít filiam regís · hispaníe et factus e st miles · [8] |
[c574] Annus. Lodouic us rex francie a terra sancta [9] . et Henric us rex anglie a partib us redíít transmarínís [10] . Et dedit rex henric us eadwardo filio suo primogeníto ybernia m . wallia m . vasconia m . et bristollum [11] . |
[d66] Anno. mo.CC.liiii. Lodouic us rex [12] rediit de terra sancta . [13] Eod em anno Eduard us fil ius Reg is Angl ie . Acinct us (est) militarib us i n hispani a a Rege Castelle . cui us sorore m duxit cito post in uxorem. Eodem anno rediit Rex de Wasconi a . mens e Nouembris. [14] Ite m eode m anno obiit Innocenc ius papa [15] et success it Alex ander . iiiius. |
[e47 1254] Annus . d omini . m us . cc us . liiiius. [16] lodowíc us rex francíe p ost amíssíonem nobilíum uíror um suor um . de íerosolimía tamen cum tristícía [17] . ad patríam sua m redíít . [18] |
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[b1276 1255] Anus ·m·cc·lv · obíít probus et robustus íuuenís mareduth fili us lewelíní de meronnẏth · relicto vnico herede filio de Guenllian filía mailgonís · Et p ost cíto círca festu m sancti Ioh annes bapt iste Iuuenís egregíe probitatís Resus filíus mailgonís · acta confessíone · et communícantís corpore christi et sanguine · sumptoq ue cist erciensis ordínis habitu ap ud stratam floridam · heu fatís occubuít cui us corpus traditu m fuít uenerabilit er sepulture ín capitulo íux ta sororem suam lamentantib us multís et meríto plangentib us morte m ipsi us q uia uehement er sperabat ur a multís et preconiabat ur q uod ipse esset redemptur us et liberaturus magna m parte m wallíe a pristíno íugo captíuítatís anglícor um · hísde m u ero dieb us orta discordía suggescíone diabolíca int er filios grifíní · filíi uenerabil is memoríe · domini ·L(ewelini)· quond am princípis nortwallíe · owínu m ·scilicet· et dauid fratrem suu m ex parte vna et lewelínu m ex altera (.) Ide m lewelin us confidens ín domino eor um índubítant er expectauit horribilem cu m magno excercitu aduentu m et ímmobilís stans cu m suís ad preliand um (.) Inf ra vni us hore spaciu m ·dictus ·o(winum) · et ·d(auid) fratres suos multis de suís interfectís et captís necnon et ín fugam versís fortí manu et bellíca cepít et eor um terras síne aliq ua dif(ic)ultate sagínauít · no n multum u ero post sed [19] sabbato proxímo an te festu m sancti mich aelis · obíít margareta tunc filia maelgon is uxor owíní filíi mareduth de kedeveẏn · q ue apud stratam florida m íux ta fratrem suu m tradita fuít sepulture · Thom as dictus Walens is episc opus men euensis ob iit in christo · [20] |
[c575] Annus. Thomas wallensis men euensis episc opus die translationis sancti benedicti obiit [21] . cui successit magister Ricard us de Karreu theolog us et phylosoph us optim us |
[e48 1255] Annus . m us . cc us . lvus. owínus filíus griffíní [22] grandem collegít exercítum proponens fratrem suum lewelínum uírum fortem et sapíentem exheredare . quod et fecít ad tempus . postbreue u ero spacíum predíct us lewelínus auxílíum amícor um postulau it . et recollegít exercítum fortem et in fratrem suum owínum . una cu m alío fratre suo . dauid . s cilicet . nomíne . írruít . vnde dissponente domino uíctoríam optínuít . et predíctum owínum vna cum fratre suo . dauid . q ui erat dux famílíe sepe díctí owení tenuít et ín carcerem retrusít . [23] Eodem u ero anno . ob iit . píe memoríe . do minus . Innocenci us . pap a . iii us . [24] hoc eod em anno . obíít Thomas . men euensis . episc opus . [25] scil icet díe translacionis sancti benedictí . [26] et anno precedentí . Edwardus fil ius reg is angl ie . accínct us est mílítarib us armís in hẏspanía a rege castell e c uius sororem duxít cíto post ín uxorem . [27] eod em anno redíít rex de vasconía mense nouembrí . [28] |
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[b1277 1256] Anus ·m·cc·lvi · Quidam nobiles wallie uíam vniuerse carnís íngressi ·sunt· videlicet · maredut fili us maudauc · tunc dominus de ẏal et oweín ·filius· Ioruerth de eluael · hoc anno accessít dominus edward us illustris regís anglíe · henrici filíus tunc comes cestrie circa kal endas augustí ad cast ra sua videlicet de digannoẏ et de disserth uidendu m et terras · q uo recedente et facta uísitacione · nobiles wallíe índignati et suís spoliati libertatib us et honorib us · more machabeor um zelo iusticíe accensí · elegerunt pocius [29] cu m honore ín bello p ro libertate sua morí quam s ic ab extraneís et índignís hostib us calcarí · ad nobilem íuuene m · uidelicet lewelínu m filiu m grifíní filíí Lewelíní accesserunt · sua m ei exponentes captíuam tribulacionem cu m lacrimís et gemítib us · quor um gemitib us et fletib us ide m ·l(ewelinus)· mot us eor um ex(h)ortacione et consilío at que rogatu · accessít ad terram de peruetwalt et eam ínf ra vna m ebdomad am · pret er duo castr is ·scilicet· deganho et dissert uiriliter occupauít · habens tunc secu m nobilem viru m uidelicet · maredut filiu m Resi crẏc p er cauillacionem anglicor um et nepotís suí ·s cilicet Resi vechan et alior um quorundam suor um vicinor um de terra et hereditate sua eiectu m · quor um nomina n on erant tunc ín lib ro uite scripta · quo tunc prospere facto a dicto lewelíno terram de meronnẏth similit er occupauít · et díe lune prima ín aduentu dominí cu m magno excercítu apud lanpadarn uaur pernoctauít q ue erat ín manu dominí edwardí (.) tunc die mercur ii apud moruamaur pernoctauít · Ibi maredut filíus oweyn ad dictum lewelínu m accessít et fidelitate m cu m ipso firmauít . partem dominí edwardi de keredigeaun · maredut filio owíní cu m terra de buelt dedít quam tunc similiter ín manu fortí occupauít . Restituendo predictu m maredut fil ium Resí cu m terra sua et eíciendo prefatu m · R(esum)· nepote m suu m e sua parte et illa dicto meredut conferendo iure heredítarío · Nich il s ibi ex omnib us pret er famam et meritu m de predictis conquestib us retínendo · quo s ic facto terram de werthrenn [30] s ibi tenuít eam affrendo · Rogero de mortuo ·m(ari)· et s ic ad propria p ost die m natal is dominí prospere redíít (.) Ric ardus com es frater reg is elect us est i n imperatorem [31] |
[c576] Annus. Consecrat us fuit Ricard us men euensis episc opus apud roma m a domino papa [32] . Et incepit magna guerra i n Wallia . [c577] Ann us |
[e49 1256] Ann us . m us . cc us . lvi us . consecrat us fuít rícard us men euensis episcopus rome . [33] et íncepit magna gwerra ín wallia [34] ínt er regem henr icum et lewelínum princípem Northwall ie . |
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[b1278 1257] Anus ·m·cc·lvíí · p ost ephiph aniam dominí lewelín us filíus Grifíní filíi Guenonwín de powís intrauít et ín uilla de trallug sedens et eam omnio combussít ibiq ue con uocatís ad se ín auxiliu m duob us barronibus [35] de swdwallía · mareduth filio resí crẏch et maredut filio owíní · Ex alia u ero parte haffren iux ta mungumbriam congregati fuerunt multi barones de anglía · uídelicet · Iohannes stra(n)ges Grifin us fili us guenonwín · mab alan et multi alii cu m uexillo dominí edwardí et cu m · maxímo armato excercítu · P er amnen u ero hafren predictus excercítus a(n)glicor um peruenit et in campo magno int er hafren et eberriw anglicí in acie belli steterunt · walensib us u ero anglicos ad bellu m paratos videntíb us ualde indignati s unt et campu m cu m innumerabilib us armatís intrantes · et anglicí uiderunt excercítu m walensíu m forte m nímís campu m uíriliter et audact er occupantem· statím anglicí p re tímore exterrití ín fuga conuersi sunt et usq ue ad mungumbriam oci us fugerunt .In ill is u ero dieb us uidelicet díe lune pro(x)íma [36] p ost purifícacionem beate m arie Stephanus bauson Nichol dominus de kemeís Patríc dominus de kedwelẏ et dominus de karriw · cu m multís armatís militib us portam albe dom us fregerunt abbatiam íntrantes ibiq ue pernoctantes et íníuríam deo et beate m arie et omnib us sanctis fecerunt ·scilicet· verberando monachos . spoliando conuersos . secu m ducentes omnes equos et omnia spolia toci us albatie [37] pret er spolia ecclesie · et in címíterío seruitores monachor um íníuste occiderunt · Predictus u ero lewelín us postea in prox ima quadragesíma cu m grandi exercitu ad terram de kedwelí et karnwallaun et Gohír accessít et partem anglicor um de predictis terrís et abertawẏ omnio combussít · omnes u ero wallenses dictaru m terrar um s ibi subiugauít et an te pascha cu m gaudio ad propria remeau it · It em ín híís dieb us quidam nobiles uirí de familia domini lewelíní filíi Grifut an te dominícam ín ramis palmar um villam mungumbriam ·scilicet· castell um · bal(d)win· [38] uiriliter combusserunt et baldwínu m et burges alíos multos cu m mulierib us et paruulís i n eadem uilla igne et ferro occíderunt (.) ín illís dieb us quida m nobiles de kardigaun · uidelicet duo filíi eẏnaun ab Wilím et duo filíí Wilím goch apud osterloue ab anglicís de karmerd in occísi ·s unt · It em lewelín us ap Gruf ut cu m multitudíne uíror um forcíu m an te pe(nte)costen castellu m bodedon obsedít et dímissís castellanís cu m armís suís libere et castello tradito illud soletenus combussít · Post no n multos dies ·scilicet· die mercuríí proxima post pentecosten . Stephanus bauzon et multi barones cu m multitudíne forciu m bellator um apud kermerdín pernoctauerunt · In crastíno u ero omnes incliti viri armatí cu m magna audacía et superbía vnanímiter cu m plurib us equis loricatís et alíis ínstrumentís ad bella paratís ad deuastandam terram de stratewẏ it er arripuerunt et no n síne impedimento usq ue ad llanthelou uaur peruenerunt · ibiq ue sin e aliquo tímore pernoctantes · et walenses de keredigeaun et de stratewẏ ·scilicet· maredut · filíus Resi crẏch · et maredut filíus owení cu m omni posse eor um ín siluís et ín nemorib us et in conuallib us circa anglicos cu m magnís clamorib us undiq ue fuerunt con gregatí · Et predicti walenses p er totam diem venerís telís armor um et sagittar um in eode m loco turmas saxonu m ínuítauerunt et inquietauerunt · Ductor anglicor um ·scilicet· Res · filíus Resi michil · die salbati [39] · videlic et in uígilia · sancte trinítatis ·scilicet· iiii· Non as Íuníí · eos ín angustía et ín magno periculo reliquít · et ad castru m suu m ·scilicet· dínouour cu m paucís de suís · anglicís rei euentu m nescientib us occulte fugít · Anglicí u ero milites munímentís ferreís ních il formidantes se muníerunt arma illa n on potuerunt eos tuerí plusquam uestes línee · q uia ín eís spem et eor um superbiam posuerunt plusq uam in deo · armati u ero milites íníto consilío uers us kardigaun audacter iter aripientes · nichilq ue tímentes · walenses undiq ue de siluís contra eos uiriliter dímicauerunt · et a prima hora dieí us que ad merid(i)e m de nemorib us contra anglicos pugnauerunt · et apud coeth llatheu [40] anglici omnia uictualía · omnes caballos · arma et necessaría eor um portantes et omnes palefridos ibide m amíserunt · et walense{s} [41] prop ter hoc leci fuerunt · Circa hora m u ero merídieí ad kemereu pugnando peruenientes et predicti walenses cu m dei auxilío int er armatos anglicos irruerunt et de equis armatís ínclitos saxones uíriliter prostrauerunt et eos sub pedibus · equítu m · peditu m et equor um ín morís et in fossis et ín uallib us conculcauerunt et plus q uam tria milia saxonu m in illa die occubuerunt · pauci u ero aut nulli de armacís [42] milicib us de illo bello euaserunt · et walenses cu m magna victoría et spoliís et equis multis lorícatís et armís ínímicor um deo gratias agentes · sani et íncolumes ad propria redierunt · Dominica sancte trinítatís apud goeria m de anglicís ·cc· uiri ceciderunt · sex viri minus· et vi· mulieres occise s unt · In híís u ero dieb us · quidam nobiles uirí ·scilicet· guín filíus madoc et uírí de arustlí uillas iux ta castelbaldewín p er noctem combusserunt et ret ro p er diem cu m preda magna usq ue iux ta gurnegof perueníentes ibi omnes fortes uirí de castelbaldwín eís occurrerunt et fuít int er eos pugna ualida et tande m deo adíuuante walenses preualuerunt et anglicos in fuga verterunt · eode m die de anglicís ·c xxx· uirí fortissími de castelbaldwi n ceciderunt |
[c578] Annus. Interfecti sunt plures anglici et Wallenses parte m anglo rum fouentes apud Kemmereu i n estrad tewy i n uigil ia sancte trinítatis [43] . ducib us ex parte anglo rum domino stephano bauthun ex parte Wallensiu m maredut f ilio resi . et maredut f ilio oweyn . |
[d67] Anno. mo. CC. luii. Ric ardus Comes fr ater Reg is Angl ie eligit ur i n regem aleman ie . et in die ascensionis coronat ur . [44] Eode m anno Rex duxit exercitu m in Wall iam . It em eode m anno inundacio subita aq uam eru(m)pit . Id us Iulii . ut domos muros et arbores prosterneret . et fena impetu aquar um sublata pontes fregerunt plures. |
[e50 1257] Annus . m us . cc us . lviius. Rícardus Comes frater reg is angl ie elígítur ín regem Alemaníe . [45] et ín die ascencíonís coronatur . [46] eodem anno rex duxít exercítum ín wall iam . [47] Item eodem anno ínundacío subíta aque erupít . Id ibus Iulíí . ut fontes . domo s muros et arbores prosterneret . et fena ímpetu aquar um sublata . pontes fregerunt plures . [48] Hoc anno ínterfectí fuerunt . multí walenses apud kemereu . ín uígilía trinítatís ín stratewẏ . [49] Item do minus patricíus [50] et walterus malenfaunt . interfectí fuerunt apud kilgarran . [51] |
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[b1279 1258] Anus ·m·cc·lviii · die lune prox ima p ost oct auas pasche · armati uíri de penbrok et de Ros magna m predam summo mane acceperunt de kemmeís et duos optímates ibide m occiderunt ·scilicet· Wilím techo et henri goeth · homines u ero de kemmeís et de plumauc cu m clamorib us magnís circa anglicos undiq ue fuerunt congregatí et viriliter · contra eos pungnauerunt [52] · tande m domino adíuuante walenses preualuerunt et ante walenses anglica terga uerterunt · equos arma · spolia · etmulta cadauera mortuor um et predam in illa die reliquerun{t} [53] Int er quos henrí · wíngan con stabulari us de erbert et filíus philippí de brut cu m ínnumerabilib us anglicís in illo bello ceciderunt · walenses cu m gaudío et triumpho magno et cu m multís capcíuís [54] ad prop ria redierunt · gratias semp er deo de uictoría agentes · Post no n multu m temp us maredut fili us Resi crẏch omagiu m et fidelitate m domino regí fecit · walenses prop ter hoc ualde irati fuerunt et dominus lewelin us filíus grifut et omnes sudwalenses cu m magno excercitu ad terram predicti maredut de stratewẏ accesserunt et eam omnio pret er cast ra e(i) us s ibi subiugauerunt postea apud kedweli walenses cast ra metati s unt · domos et uillas pret er castru m kedweli combusserunt dominus maredut et dominus patríc cu m multís armatís anglicís de kermerdín ín walensib us subito irruerunt et pugna ualida int er eos fuít et de walensib us et de anglicís quida m fuerunt wlneratí quid am occísí et dominus maredut iux ta pontem · wlnere pessímo fuít wlnerat us · tande m walensib us preualentib us et relíctis ibide m corporib us anglicor um · maredut et anglicí ad uillam karmerdin cu m magno dedecore fugerunt . Int er mortuos vir nobilis de arustlẏ dauid ap howel cecídít et apud stratam florida m cu m magno planctu sepulture tradít ur · Eodem anno circa natíuítate m beati Ioh annis · bapt iste ·magna fuít discordia int er anglicos et francos ín regno anglíe · et anglici p er consiliu m comítu m baronu m et optímatu m toci us regní · omnes francos · de fínib us et termínís eor um eorum [55] expulerunt · de optímatib us u ero et díuítib us anglíe de ueneno ex parte francor um facto · multi anglici perierunt · Preterea · dauid fili us Grifíní íuuenís ín armís splendidissím us et in eq uo fortíssim us cu m paucís de Nortwallía · et maredut fil ius oweín et Rís bechan cu m magno excercitu p er duos dies maẏnour castra metati fuerunt et tercía nocte ·scilicet· die mercurii prox ima an te natíuitace m beate ·marie· cast ra sua iux ta kilgerran posuerunt · illo díe dominus maredut filíus Resi crich et dominus pacríc [56] senescallus domini regís cu m omnib us armacís uirís de kedweli de kermerdín de pembrok de Ros et de kemeís apud aberteíuí cu m magna superbia fuerunt congregatí · p ost hora m u ero nonam anglici de aberteíuí per acies suas usq ue kilgerran peruenerunt et iux ta uillam kilgerran anglici et walenses fortit er et crudelit er pugnauerunt tande m walenses dei auxilío preualuerunt et anglícos in fugam uerterunt et cadauera mortuor um cu m equís armatís ibide m relinquentes · In illa hora int er mortuos dominus patríc · walt er malifant miles fortís et strenuus de pembroc et alíi · milites nup er de anglía ueníentes turpíssíma morte corruerunt · maredut cu m anglicís ad castellu m kilgarran uíx euasít q ui p er infidelitate m suam totam walliam perturbauít · In anglia constituti s unt ·xii· pares [57] |
[c579] Annus. Dominus patrici us de chaurs et dominus walterus malenfaunt interfecti fuerunt apud kilgarran i n autumpno [58] . |
[d68] Anno. mo. CC. luiii. quartariu m frumenti uendebat ur pro. xx . sol idis . et fuit fames maxi(m) a . Eodem anno prouisa sunt statuta et promulgata oxonie. Eode m anno scutagiu m . xl . solid orum . Angl is est impositu m prop ter exercitu m in Walliam. |
[e51 1258] Ann us . m us . cc us . lviiius. quartaríum frumentí uendebatur . p ro . xx . solid is . et fuít fame s magna ín terra . [59] eodem anno prouísa sunt statuta et promulgata oxoníe . [60] eodem anno scutagíum . xl . solid orum . anglís est ínposítum prop ter exercítum in wall ia . [61] |
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[b1280 1259] Anus ·m·cc·lix · dominus lewelinus filius Grifíní consiliu m habuít cu m nobiliorib us wallíe apud arustilẏ et ibi d(i)e mercuríí · prox ima an te pentecosten · conuict us fuít dominus maredut filíus Ris · de infidelitate et a dicto domino lewelíno tent us q ui ín carcere fuít apud crukeid usq ue ad natale dominí proxi mum et tunc liberat us recipiendo ab ipso primogenítu m ín obsidem et duo castella sua · dínewour et castell um nowid · cu m duab us prouinciis eís adiacencib us · eodem anno circa festu m sancti hilaríi idem dominus lewelin us cu m magno excercitu accessít ad prouínciam de buelth quam dominus maredut filíus owini eide m domino ·l(ewelino)· concessít q ui statím omnes dispersos eíusde m prouincíe reuocauít et letos ac hilares sub sua protectione dímisít · tendens inde usq ue ad uillam de dínbic in deued · eandem destruens et multa spolia capíens q ui habuit in excercítu suo ibide m · cc xl equos loricatos cu m íumentís nudís et pedestri incomparabili multitudíne · |
[c580] Ann us. |
[d69] Ann o mo. CC. lix. Ricardus Rex allemann ie . rediit i n Angliam. Eode m anno Rex. H(enricus). transfretauit . et dies natalicios celebrauit parisi is quo tempore reddidit Regi francie Normann iam . et alias terras. |
[e52 1259] [62] Ann us . m us . cc us . lixus. bdiscordía orta est ínt er regem et barones prop ter statuta mínime obseruata . Sẏmon de monte fortí dux baronum exstítít . [63] |
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[b1281 1260] Anus· m·cc·lx In die sancti georgií martirís combusta e st uilla de trefetland a dominis de kerí et de kedewic · eodem anno die sancti kenelmí martiris tres uigiles anglici nacione qui custodiebant castellu m de buelth tradiderunt hominib us illud dom ini lewelíni filíi grifíní circa fínem noctís p ro magna summa pecuníe et hoc fuít prop ter odíum infernale q uod dicti uigiles habebant · erga notariu m eíusde m castelli qui erat anglicus q uo audito et díuulgato statím Resus bechan cu m suo excercitu et omnes nobiles et ben e ín armís ualentes fere toci us sudwallíe venerunt et statím vnanímí et communí consilío quicq uid cremabile erat ín illo castello igní tradiderunt lapides u ero soletenus [64] destruxerunt · ita q uod ín breui lapís sup er lapidem ibide m n on poss it reperirí · venít etiam tunc dominus owin us filius mareduc cu m suís omnib us fidelib us et subiectís ad pacem et fidelitate m dom ini lewelíní qui statím madocu m filiu m dicti owíní de carcere liberauít et liberum tradidít et centu m tres libras eidem donauít · Eodem etiam anno círca kal endas augustí íurate sunt trenge [65] p er duos annos int er domin um regem et regnu m ex vna parte et dominum lewelínu m et suos ex altera parte ita q uod síne transgressione treugar um liceat eidem lewelíno defendere se et sua contra omnes uolentes [66] literas treugas tenere uel firmas habere · Eode m anno dominus edwardus primogenítus henrici regís perrexit ad trans marínas partes cu m flore íuuentutís toci us regní ubi tenuít torneamentu m contra gallos qui vnanimit er conuenerunt et dictum domin um edwardu m cu m suís de campo uírtute díssímilí ire propulerunt et omnes quos habebant generosos sonipedes cum reb us alíís dicti gallí s ibi uendicauerunt et hoc semel et bis et iterum (.) Ide m u ero dominus edward us redíít in anglíam et ínuenít patre m suu m ín alba turre lond onie tímuerat ·enim· s ibi · a · xíi · parib us quor um prouidencíe comiserat regnu m gubernandu m et hoc eu m ualde penítuerat · Item eode m anno tartarí occupauerunt Ierosolímitanu m regnu m · destructís omnib us regnís orientis et interfectis omnib us saracenís uenerunt etiam usq ue ad fínes romaní imperí quor um tímor occupauerat omne m christi anitate m |
[c581] Annus. Interfecti fuerunt plures Walenses apud Lanhuadeyn i n uígilia beati laurentíí . Et fugati fuerunt franci de anglia . |
[d70] Anno. mo. CC. lx. discordia orta est int er Reges et Barones [67] propt er statuta [68] minime obseruata . Symon de monteforti dux baronu m extitit . |
[e53 1260] [69] Ann us . M us . CC us . lxus. aRicard us rex Alema(n)íí [70] . ín Anglíam redíít . [71] eodem anno . rex . H(enricus) . transfretauít et díes natalícíos celebrauít parís iis . quo tempore reddidít regí francie . Norman iam . et alías terra s . [72] hoc anno ínterfectí fuerunt multí [73] walenses apud lawaden [74] ín uígilia beati laurencíí . et fugatí fuerunt francí de angl ia . [75] |
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[b1282 1261] Anus ·m·cc lxi · In oct auis beate marie ·scilicet· natíuicatís [76] · ob iit grifin us abbas de cumhír |
[c582] Annus. |
[d71] Anno. mo. CC. lxi. Alex ander pap a obiit . uiii . kal endas . Iun ii . successit urban us quo fuerat patriarcha i n ierosolim . Eodem anno Senchia regina Alemann ie obiit . Ite m eodem anno Ric ardus Cicestren sis canonizat us est . |
[e54 1261] Ann us . m us . cc us . lxius. alexander pap a obíít . viii o . kal endas . Iuníí . [77] successít urban us q ui fuerat patriarcha ín íerosolimam . eodem anno senchía regína aleman ie . obíít . [78] Item eodem anno cícestrensis episc opus . s cilicet . rícard us . canonízatus est. [79] |
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[b1283 1262] Anus ·m·cc lxii · In estate flos militu m anglíe Gilbertus comes de clar e ueneno interíít apud doroberníam . [80] Eodem anno ín uigilia sancti andree apostoli per industriam homin um de maelenít captu m deuastatum fuít castellum de keuenellís (.) Eode m etiam die captu m fuit castellu m de bledvach et destructum · tunc domínus Rogerus et humfrei de Bun íuníor cum flore íuuentutís toci us marchíe intrauerunt ruínosos muros de keuenlís cu m magno apparatu molientes restaurare fracturas muror um · Quod audiens dominus lewelín us filíus grifíní prínceps wallíe conducens secum omnes nobiliores wallíe ac{c}essít [81] ad eos et círcumspecta obsidíone uallauít ipsos quousq ue fame et ínedia ducti pecierunt [82] sibí cu m armís tame n ínermes licencia m recedendí quod píus prínceps pietate [83] ductus concedens · factum e st aute m cu m essent oweín filíus madoc et pars excercít us ceperunt castrum de conoclas ín uigilia sancti thome apostolí non vi aut bello s ed castrenses metu [84] perterrití reddiderunt se cu m cast ro pre tímore machinar um · ceperunt etiam castellu m de trefecland [85] de Nortun et de llanondras |
[c583] Annus. Magna fuit discordia ínter dominum eadward um fil ium h(enrici) regis anglie primogenítu m et barones anglie . Et lewelin us princeps nortwallie tenuit se ex parte baronu m . |
[d72] Anno. mo. CC. lxii. Henr icus Rex transfretauit i n Gallias . xiiii . kal endas . Augusti et parisi us infirmabat ur . Eode m anno [86] Ric ardus Comes [87] glouernie obiit . |
[e55 1262] Ann us . m us . cc us . lxiius. henr icus rex transfretauít ín gallías . xiiii o . kal endas . Augusti . et parísíus [88] ínfirmabatur . [89] eodem anno ricardus comes glouerníe obíít . [90] h oc anno [91] magna fuít díscordía ínt er dominum regem Angl ie . et barones angl ie et lewelin us princeps wall ie fuít cum baronib us . [92] |
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[b1284 1263] Anus .m.cc.lxííí . Quínto kal endarum maíí apud clunow · ínterfecti fuerunt ad mínus centum virí int er quos cecidit lewelin us filíus maredut flos íuuentutís tocius wallíe · erat eni m strenuus et fortís ín armís larg us in donís et ín consilíís dandís prouidus et omnib us amabilís (.) Eodem anno ín estate coadunati s unt omnes comítes et barones fere omnes cu m domino · lewelino príncip e cont ra edwardu m et ceperunt o(mn)ia [93] castella et vniuersas cíuitates toci us anglie excepto castello wíndelesor et dominus lewelin us cu m magno excercitu et apparatu accessít ad castru m de disserth circa kalend as augustí et illud bello cepít et statím solotenus destrux it ita ut n on ibi lapís sup er lapide m in breui inuenire(t) ur · Cepít etiam die sancti mich aelis castellu m de diganwẏ in regno fortissímu m prout wlgarit er dicebat ur n on vi aut bello · s ed castellaní acerrima acerbitate et amaritudíne famís afflícti consiliu m ínierunt cu m dicto principe de uita s ibi seruanda se ipsos cu m castro eidem dantes . intantu m ·enim· afflixerat eos famís acerbitas q uod oportuít eos ínedía ducti famem extínguere carnib us equor um et etíam canu m suor um ut fidem domino regi seruarent illesam quod si p ro rege celesti facerent mercedem meruissent habere eternam (.) Eadem etiam estate uenít dominus Grifínus filíus wenonwen ad pacem domini lewelíni · faciens ei omagiu m humilit er genu flexo qui restituít omnes terras suas quas idem princeps antea occupauerat (.) Idem uero grifinus assumens secu m omnes uíros et ballíuos de powís castru m de weidgrut debellauit cepít et solo adequauít · In fínem uero ip(s)i us anní venerunt plures barones sibí coadunatís ad domin um lewelínu m et castellum de redenor ceperunt et solotenus cu m tota uilla destruxerunt · dominus uero edwardus cum magno excercítu accessít ad castella de huntíntun et haia cum villulís adiacentib us cepít et domino Rogero de mortuo marí ad custodiendum tradidít · Eode m uero anno occísi sunt multi iudeorum usq ue ad d·cc· et amplíus et reliqui spoliatí · |
[c584] Annus. |
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[b1285 1264] Anus m·cc·lxiiii · orta fuít dissensío int er cist ercienses et clarauall enses que tamen in curia romana termínabat ur et dusciebat ur . |
[c585] Annus. Capt us fuit h(enricus) rex anglie et eadward us fil ius ei us primogenit us i n bello apud Lewes [94] . et rex alemanníe Ricard us frater regis h(enrici) et alíí plures barones . Et multi londonienses fuerunt interfecti . [c586] Annus. visa fuít stella cometa ín francia [95] . ~ |
[d73] Anno. mo. CC. lxiiii. Guerra facta est in Anglia . [96] Barones et London ienses . Iudaism um lond onie spoliauerunt multis [97] interfectis . Eode m anno fuit bellu m apud lewes . ii . Idus maii . Eodem anno Cometa aparuit in parte orientali . urban us pap a obiit . cui successit Guido . et dictus est Clemens . |
[e56 1264] Ann us . m us . cc us . lxiiiius. [98] Gwerra facta e st ín angl ia . [99] barones et londonienses . Iudaísmum lond onie spolíauerunt multis ínterfectís . [100] eodem anno fuít bellum apud lewes . íí . Id us . maíí . [101] eodem cometa aperuít ín parte oríentalí . [102] vrban us pap a obíít . [103] cuí successít Guẏdo et díctus e st clemens . [104] hoc anno [105] captus fuít rex henric us apud lewes ín bello . et ricard us rex Aleman ie . et alíí multi [106] barones . [107] et multí Londoníenses ínterfectí fuerunt [108] . [109] |
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[b1286 1265] Anus m·cc lxv · Idus Iuníí edward us filius regis ·h(enrici)· euasít de custodía comitís leicestríe ab harford ie apud wigomore venitq ue ad ·G(ilbert)· de de [110] clar e com item · gloucestrie apud lodolow · dictus com es leicest rie uillam cepít et castru m de monum· et castrum de vsq um et castrum et pontem de nouo burgo fregít |
[d74] Anno. mo. CC. lxu. Quo anno Karolus comes Andegau ie electus est in Rege m Cicilie et Apulie. Eod em ann o . ii o . Non as . Augusti . die martis commisso prelio ex(t) ra Euesham u bi occidit ur Symo n de monteforti et alii multi . |
[e57 1265] Ann us . m us . cc us . lxvus. [111] eo anno . karolus comes Andegau ie elect us est ín regem Císilíe etApul ie . [112] eodem anno . ii . non as Augustí . díe marcís commisso prelío extra Euesham occidítur sẏmon de monte fortí et alíí multí . [113] |
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[b1287 1266] Anus ·m·cc·lxvi · I(ohannes) · de heyuilo [114] · et alíí exheredatí intrauerunt et ceperunt ínsulam de Elẏ · eodem anno p er consilíu m et assensu m regís adíudicatí sunt terrís suis omn(ibus) [115] exheredatí íta videlíc et quod extenderentur terre eor um et secundum ualorem terrar um facerent reddere porcionem sua m alíi p er quinquenníu m alíi p er ·iiii· annos · alíí p er trienníu m alíí p er bienniu m · alíi p er annu m secundum q uod mai us uel mín us deliquerunt · |
[d75] Anno. mo. CC. lxui. Inchoata est obsidio Cast ri de Kenelword[116]. In festo sancti Iohannis baptiste . et redditu m estRegi i n die sancte lucie uirginis . Eodem anno occupata est insula Hely a quibusdam exheredatis et aliis malefactorib us qui incendia multa commiserunt . |
[e58 1266] Ann us . m us . cc us . lxvius. ínchoata est obsídío castrí de kenelẏngworð . ín festo sancti Iohannis baptiste et redditum e st regí ín díe sancte Lucíe uírgínís . [117] eodem anno occupata e st ínsula de Elẏ a quibusdam exheredatís et alíís malefactorib us quí íncendia multa commíserunt . [118] [119] |
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[b1288 1267] Anus ·m·cc·lxvii · ·vi· idus marcií · G(ilbert)· com es glouerníe cu m magno excercitu p er cautelam intrauít ín cíuitatem lond onie · domino · O(to)· legato existente in turri lond onie . vbi tenuít com es pascha suu m cont ra uoluntate m regís · cu m aut em dominus rex h oc íntellexiss et · dux it excercitu m suu m lond oniam et apud stratford am fixít tentoria sua · ubi moram fecít p er · x · sept imanas vnde ibidem de pace reformanda multu m elaboratu m e st ita q uod quoda(m)m odo pax est reformata et multí de exheredatís uers us domin um regem pacificati s unt · |
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[b1289 1268] Anus ·m·cc·lxviii · Oto legatus celebrauit consiliu m suu m lond onie · et iiii · id es iul ii it er aripuít repatriandi |
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[b1290 1269] Anus m·cclxíx |
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[b1291 1270] Anus ·m·cclxx · ob iit · Resus filíus domini mareducí [120] cui us corp us cu m fletib us multis sepulture tradit ur · |
~ Et duxit rex lodouic us suggestione fratris sui caroli regis cicilie [121] [c587] Annus. Lodouic us rex francie apud tunes i n arabia ob iit . et plures nobiles francie [122] . [c588] Annus. [c589] Annus. [c590] Annus. [c591] Annus. |
[c592] Annus. Ricard us de carreu episc opus men euensis iuít i n francia m i n contínenti p ost pascha . et perhendínauít apud Rungy prope ciuitate m parysiense m . |
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[b1292 1271] Anus ·m·cclxxi · ob iit Ioh annes fili us edwardí primogenit us q ui in custodia domini reg is alem annie existebat · et sepult us e st apud westm onasterium · [123] |
[c593] Annus. Redíít Ricard us episco pus i n Wallia m circa ascensione m dominí . |
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[b1293 1272] Anus ·m·cc·lxxii · obíít henr icus rex angl ie · anno regní suí ·lvii · [124] |
[c594] Annus. Henric us rex angl ie obiit [125] . Cuí edward us fil ius suus successit . |
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[b1294 1273] Anus m·cc·lxxiii · [b1294.1] ob iit dominus mareduc us fil ius resí |
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[b1295 1274] Anus ·m·cclxxiiii · dominus Edw ardus post obitu m patris suí de fraancia [126] circa kal endas augustí ad angliam profectus est [127] et vbi honorífíce cu m magno tripudío suscept us et ad londoníam duct us · et apud we{st} monasterium [128] coronat us · It em eode m anno dominus grifín us fili us wenunwen powisíe dominus tota m terra m sua m reliquít q ui angliam profect us e st et a rege edwardo benigne comendat us et h oc prop ter persecucionem nortwalens ium relinquens filiu m suu m owínu m penes principe m lewelínu m in custodia liberalí |
[c595] Annus. [129] Celebratu m fuit conciliu m generale apud lugdunu m sub gregorio pap a . x°. circa festu m natíuítatis beati iohannis baptiste . Et fuít ibi statutu m de decíma omniu m prouentuu m ecclesiastico rum reddenda p er sex annos sequentes i n subsidiu m terre sancte [130] . et etia m commende perpetue reuocate . et plura alia statuta restrictíva et penalia fuerunt ibid em edita . Magister iohannes de fekeham archidiaconus brechoníe ob iit . cui successit magi ster henric us de villa amlof . Coronat us est edward rex anglie [131] . |
[d76] Anno. m. [132] lxxiii. Rediit .E(dwardus). rex anglie de Acon et de Wasconia in Angliam et coronatus est apud westmonasterium in octaba Assumptionis beate uirginis . [133] [d77] Anno. mo. lxxiiiio. fuit celebratu m conciliu m g(e)nerale apud lugdunu m . sub greg orio pap a . x o . uidelicetcirca festu m natiuitatis beati Iohannis baptiste et fuit statutu m i bi de decima colligenda p ro subsidio terre sancte . [134] |
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[b1296 1275] Anus ·m·cc·lxxv · Statuít rex i n suo primo parliamento suo p ost coronacionem sua m multa statuta apud westm onasterium · |
[c596] Annus. Incept um fuit feret rum beati dauid in ecclesia men euensi . |
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[b1297 1276] Anus m·cclxxvi · h oc anno venít pagan us filíus patricíí de chauard cu m magno excercitu ad uilla m de karmerd in et subiugauít domino regí anglíe tota m terra m de stratewí et de kardigan et uastauit omnia castella eiusd em prouincie · omnes barones sudwall ie angl ie intrauerunt et omagiu m domino regi anglie fecerunt |
[c597] Annus. [135] Incepit Gwerra i n westwallia int er homines de estratewy et de cadwely . et interfect us fuit dominus herue us de chaurs i n autumpno . |
[d78] Anno. mo. CC. lxxui. incepit Guerra i n Wallia int er homines de stratewi . etde Kedweli . et interfectus fuit dominus herui de chauuoarz in autumpno . [136] |
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[b1298 1277] An us ·m·cc·lxxvíí · venít illustrís rex angl ie · dominus · E(dwardus) cu m mag no excercítu ad nortwall iam · et apud rutlan cast ra metat us e st ibiq ue p er aliquot dies morat us e st dein de uenít ad eu m do minus ·l(ewelinus) · princeps norwall ie · et ibide m confederati s unt et pax int er eos formata e st · postea u ero dominus ·e(dwardus)· rex cu m suís angl iam petíít et edificatu m e st castell um apud llan padarn · super mare a domino · edmundo· h(enrici) · reg is íuníori filío · |
[c598] Annus. [137] Venít eadward us rex angl ie . i n manu forti i n northwallia m ad gwa gwerrand um contra lewelínu m f ilium grifud principe m northwallie i n estate . Et eadmund us frater regis uenít i n westwallia m . et incepit construere cast rum apud lanpadarn vaur . et dominus rex incepit construere cast rum apud Rudlan . Et uenít dictus eadmund us apud sanctum dauid causa peregrinationis . Et concordes facti sunt rex et princeps i n octab a beati martíní hyemal is . |
[d79] Anno. mo. CC. lxxuii. Uenit Eduuard us rex Angl ie in Northwalli am ad belland um cont ra lewelinu m principe m in estate . Et Eadmund us fr ater Reg is uenit i n manu forti i n westwalli am et incepit construere uilla m apud lampardarn uaur (.) et concordes facti sunt . Rex et l(ewelinus). princeps i n oct aba beati martini hyemal is . |
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[c599] Annus.
[138]
Duxit leuuelín us princeps nortwall
ie filia m comítis symonis de
monte forti . Magi ster henric
us de villa amlof
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[d80] Anno. mo. CC. lxxuiii. duxit .L(ewelinus). princeps Northuuallie. filia m comitis Symonis de monteforti . |
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[c600] Annus. [139] Facta fuít noua moneta ueteri propt er ei us dímínutionem destructa regnante eadwardo rege anglie |
[d81] Anno. mo. CC. lxxix. fuit facta noua moneta regnante eduardo rege. [140] ~ ~ O biit Ric ardus Episc opus men euensis prima die April is et fuit sepult us i n Ecclesia men euie . die beati Ambrosii. Electus fuit Thom as Bek is . iiii . Non as . Iunii . et confirmatus pridie . Non as . Iulii . et consecratus pridie . Non as . Octobr is . Eod em anno collecta fuit quintadecima regia de duob us annis sequentibus. |
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[c601] Annus. Ricard us de carreu episc opus men euensis kal endas april is obiit [141] . et sepult us est i n ecclesia men euensi prope altare sancte crucis a parte australi die beati ambrosíí . Elect us fuit magister thomas bek e . iii . non as Iuníí . et confirmat us pridie non as Iulíí p er iohannem de pecham de ordine míno rum in abbatia de stanlowe prope cestriam . et consecrat us pridie non as octob ris apud lyncolniam [142] . Elect us est magister petr us de exonia archidyacon us men euensis i n episcopum exoniensem [143] . cuí successit i n archidyaconatu Robert us thesaurari us men euensis . cui roberto successit i n thesauraria Willelmus de burrethe canonic us men euensis . Concessa fuít regi quintadecíma prouentuum ecclesiastico rum ad subsidiu m i n regno anglie p er trienniu m . |
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[c602] Annus. [144] Celebratu m fuit conciliu m prouinciale apud lambheth london iis sub fratre iohanne de pecham archiepiscopo cantua riensi non as octob ris conuocato ad hoc clero toti us prouíncie . et statuta plura edita et publicata perenalia tamen [145] . Magna morína ouiu m fuit q ue íncepit i n anno precedenti . |
[d82] Anno. mo. CC. lxxxi. Celebratu m fuit conciliu m prouinciale apud Lambeheythe sub fratre Iohanne de pecham de ordine minor um Archiepiscopo Cantuariensi. Non as octobr is . Conuocato ad hoc clero toci us prouincie et statuta edita et publi ta . |
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[b1299 128-] An us ·m·cclxxx(ii) [146] . lewelin us ·filius· grifíni occis us e st ab angl is · fraude suor um · [147] E(dwardus)· rex tota m snoudonia m subiugau it · castru m aberconwi edíficatu m e st |
[c603] Annus.
[148]
Destructu m fuit cast rum regis apud
lanpadarnvaur et captum castr um de
lanamdeuery et cast rum de
carregkennen p er dauid f
ilium
leuuelíní grifud fratrem
L(ewelini) principis northwall ie .
Resu m vechan f ilium resi f
ilii
mailgonís . griffinu m et
cananu m filios maredut filíí oweíni . griffinu
m et lewelínu m filios resi
vechan dominos deyskennen . i n crastino
annunciationis dominíce . Et
ínterfectus fuít Willelmus de ualencíís íuníor
heres penbrochie i n estratewy . xvi . kal
endas Iulíí . Willelmus de burrethe
thesaurari us men euensis ob
iit
. iiii°. kal endas april
is .
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[d83] Anno. mo. CC. lxxxii. Destructu m fuit castru m Regis apud lampadarn uaur et captu m Castru m de Lamnduuery et castru m de Kerinkenni n p er Dauid fratrem lewelini principis Northwall ie i n crastino anunciationis dominice . Et interfectus fuit Willielmus de ualenciis. heres Penbris. i n stratewi . xui . Kal endas . Iulii . It em eod em anno interfectus fuit lewelin us princeps Northwall ie prope lamueyr buelth . iii o . Id us decembr is . |
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[b1300 1283] An us ·m·cc lxxxiii · dauid cu m duob us fil iis uxore et filiab us capti s unt fraude nepotum [150] |
[c604] Annus. [151] Capt us fuít dauid frater L(ewelini) princepis northwall ie p er dolu m suo rum circa fest um natiuítat is . beati iohannis baptiste et incarcerat us et i n crastino beati míchael is sequentis apud slopesburia m distract us et suspens us . et i n . iiiior. partes díuísus capite amputato [152] . quod ad london ias portatu m fuit et ibi i n alta turri fixu m una c um capite c um l(ewelini) fratris suí . Quarteria uero ei us fuerunt suspensa . vnu m apud slopesburia m . aliud apud lincolnia m . tertiu m apud bristollu m vbi filíí suí duo ín carcere tenebant ur . quartum apud Wyntonia m . Tenti aut em fuerunt griffut et canan f ilii maredut . resus paruus f ilius res f ilii mailgonis . griffut et leuuelín f ilii res vechan . howel f ilius res fr ater maredut f ilii res . et omnes íncarcerati apud london(iam) . Res us f ilius maredut dominus de estratewy tenuít c um domino rege . quapropt er terras suas tenuit et ampliores ex dono domini regis accepit . omnib us alíís a suis terris exheredatis . Maredut f ilius gurwared archidiaconus de karmerdyn ob iit . cuí successit magi ster iohannes de alderby . Ecclesia de langadauc facta est colleg(iate) [153] . |
[d84] Anno. mo. CC. lxxxiii. Capt us fuit Dauid fr ater Lewelini principis Northwall ie circa festu m Nat alis beati Iohannis baptiste . et incarceratus i n crastino beati michaelis proximo sequentis apud ssrosebure distractus et suspensus . et in . iiiior. partes diuisus . capite amputato . |
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[c605] Anno. [154] Visitauit iohannes de pecham archiepisc opus cant uariensis dyoceses men euensem . Landauen sem . bangoren sem . asaphen sem . Incepit aut em uisitare i n ecclesia men euensi . vi°. Id us íulíí . Eod em anno reedificauít rex eadward us cast rum de lanpadarnvaur . Et incep it edificare cast rum apud aberconoe . et fecit munítiones apud bangor et apud Kayraruon . Et uenít dictus rex causa peregrinationis apud sanctum dauid vna cu m domina regína anglie nomine elianora die dominica i n crastino be ati katerine uirgínis . Et mensure bladi et víní et cetero rum liquo rum et pondera redacta fuerunt ad ínstar mensura rum et ponderu m cíuítatis londonien sis . Villa hauerford ia recuperauít libertates suas cora m iusticiaríís domini regis apud hauerford iam p ro tribunali sedentib us quib us dominus Willelmus de valenc ia comes penbroch ie ipsam villam díu spoliauerat et detínuerat spoliatam . Ob iit martin us papa [155] . [156] |
[d85] Anno. mo. CC. lxxxiiii. Uisitauit Iohannes Archiepisc opus Cant uariensis Ecclesias et dyoc eses . Assauen ses . Bangoren ses . men euenses . Et incepit in Ecclesia men euie uisitare . ui . Id us . Iulii . Eod em anno Reedificauit Rex Eduuardus. Castru m de lampadarn uaur et uenit apud men euiam . causa peregrinacionis una cu m Domina Regina nomine Elianora dominica die i n crastino beate Katerine uirg inis . Et mensure facte sunt ad instar mensuraru m London ie . Uilla hauerford ia recuperauit libertates suas . quib us dominus .W(illielmus). de Ualencia. Comes. Pembr is eandem spoliauerat . Karol us rex Cisilie amisit regnu m suu m p er petru m Arragon ie . |
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[c606] (A)nnus. [157] Philipp us rex francie fili us lodouící regis mortuus est [158] et pars magna exercit us eius i n arragonía i n yspanía [159] . cui succ essit fili us suus Phylippus [160] i n regn um francie . et coronat us fuit i n festo epiphanie proxímo sequenti [161] . |
[d86] Anno. mo. CC. lxxxuo. Phillipus rex francie amisit plures de exercitu suo pugnando contra Petru m Arragonie. Eode m anno Id em Phillipus mense Octobr is apud Tolosam obiit . etmaxima pars exercitus sui cecidit . Cui successit [162] |
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[b1301 1286] An us ·m·cc·lxxxvi · combustío domor um apud stratam florida m · [163] |
[c607 1286] Annus. Mus.ccus.lxxxvi us . In crastíno annunciationis dominíce concessu m fuít subsidiu m magnu m Thome becke episcopo men euensi de tota dyoc esi sua ad expediend a queda m negocia tangentia cle rum erga magistrum Giffrid um nunciu m domini pap e i n regno angl ie . Eadward us rex angl ie transfretauít i n franciam [164] et fuít nobilissime recept us parysi us a rege philippo fil io philippi congnati suí . et índe íuít i n vasconia m et intrauít burdegal ensem cíuítate m . et ibi plures burgenses s ibi contrarios morti tradi fecit . et prehendínauít i n partib us ill is usq ue ad [165] |
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[c608] (A)nnus.
[166]
Resus fil ius maredut dominus
de Estratewy mota discordia int er
ipsum . et dominum Robertum
tybetot tunc iusticiar um
regis de Karmerdyn die dominica
proxima ante festu m beati barnabe
apostoli cepit castra de lanamdeuery .
de dynewr . et de carregkennen . et
postea combussit villa m de
sweynese et manerium de
|
||||
|
[c609 1288] (A)nnus. [167] mus.ccus.lxxxviiius. secundo die april is hora nona facta e st eclypsis sol is i n superiori parte sol is ut uidebat ur . intrans substantia m sol is . ita q uod quasi uidebat ur sol habere duo cornua sursum eleuata . et durauít sic us que ad hora m uesperarum [168] . |
||||
|
[c610] (A)nnus. [169] |
||||
[1] JdT (the Bury St Edmunds Chronicle of John de Taxster, London, British Library, Cotton MS Julius A. i, ff. 3r–43v) has in gallias here. The ‘Crusade’ of the Pastoureaux (see Jackson 2009) was a mass movement led by an obscure figure known as the ‘Master of Hungary’.
[2] 26 December 1251 (HBC).
[3] For montium .
[4] Error for Burdigaliam (Bordeaux)?
[5] 6 August 1253 – 27 December 1254 (HBC); see also b1275.1 below.
[6] 6 August 1253 (HBC)
[7] Robert Grosseteste. Died before 9 October 1253 (HBC).
[8] October 1254 (HBC).
[9] 24 April 1254 (Runciman, HC3).
[10] 27 December 1254 (HBC).
[11] The future King Edward I, created Earl of Chester 14 February 1254 (HBC).
[12] JdT has francorum here.
[13] Spring 1254.
[14] 27 December 1254 (HBC).
[15] Innocent IV, died 7 December 1254 (HD).
[16] E has 1248 for 1249 and omits the years 1250–3.
[17] tristiciaoverwritten in black ink, very probably by the same hand that takes over half-way through e48.3.
[18] Noted in P 1254, first item, and c574.1; not in B. b1275.1–2 = second and third items of P 1254. From here, E shows little or no similarity to B or to P, R & S.
[19] sz in MS. Possibly in error for scz(scilicet).
[20] 11 July 1255 (HBC).
[21] 11 July 1255 (HBC).
[22] I.e. Owain Goch.
[23] Paraphrased in P 1255, third item, and b1276.2; not in C. The account in E is substantially different to those in B, P, R & S, which are all parallel.
[24] Recte Pope Innocent IV, 7 December 1254 (HD). (Above the line in another hand: et creatus est alexander. D has an obit for Innocent IV s.a. m o . CC. liiii.) Not in B, C, P, R or S.
[25] There is a change of hand and ink (from red to black) here in the MS.
[26] = c575.1 (partial); P 1255, item six. C adds cui successit magister Ricardus de Karreu theologus et phylosophus optimus. 11 July 1255 (HBC).
[27] = d66.2; noted in b1275.3. Not in C, P, R or S.
[28] = d66.3; noted in b1275.1 and c574.2. 27 December 1254 (HBC). Not in P, R or S.
[29] For potius.
[30] I.e. Gwrtheyrnion?
[31] 13 January 1257. A marginal note in a later hand concerning Richard’s election: Electio Ricardi comitis Cornubie in Imperatorem .
[32] 11 February × 10 March 1256 (HBC).
[33] = c576.1 (partial); C hasapud romam a domino papa; P 1256, second item (= R & S, paraphrase). 11 Feb. × 10 Mar. 1256 (HBC).
[34] = c576.2 to in Wallia.
[35] Recte baronibus.
[36] pí main MS; possibly prima was intended? It is not the scribe’s usual contraction for proxima.
[37] Recte abbatie.
[38] I.e. Baldwin's castle at Montgomery, here abbreviated as castell. balw. See b1278.10 below, where it appears as bothcastelbaldewinand castelbaldwin.
[39] Recte sabbati.
[40] Recte llanarthneu (DPNW, s.n. Llanarthne).
[41] The last letter of this word is blotted, but almost certainly an ‘s’.
[42] Or read armatis?
[43] June 1257 (Maund 2006).
[44] 17 May 1257.
[45] Paraphrased in b1277.6 (one of B’s extracts from Cotton MS Vespasian E. iv).
[46] = d67.1. Below the end of the column on separate lines are two notes in a cursive hand, the first noting the death of Pope Innocent III, the second the knighting of Prince Edward. Noted in b1277.6.
[47] = d67.2; P 1258 (1257 bis), fourth item.
[48] = d67.3 (D omits fontes).
[49] A shorter version of c578.1: Interfecti sunt plures anglici et Wallenses partem anglorum fouentes apud Kemmereu in estrad tewy in uigilia sancte trinítatis. ducibus ex parte anglorum domino stephano bauthun ex parte Wallensium maredut filio resi . et maredut filio oweyn . Perhaps noted in b1278.9. P 1257, second item (= R).
[50] C adds de chaurs .
[51] = c579.1 which adds in autumpno . Noted in 1279.4; P 1259, third item (1258)?
[52] Recte pugnauerunt.
[53] The last letter of this word blotted.
[54] I.e . captiuis.
[55] Dittograph in MS.
[56] Or read patric
[57] October 1258 (OHE Powicke, 137f.)
[58] 1258 (Lloyd 1912)
[59] = d68.1. A note in the left margin in red ink and cursive hand highlighting this famine.
[60] = d68.2. A note in the left margin in red ink and cursive hand highlighting the publication of the Provisions of Oxford.
[61] = d68.3.
[62] A b in the left margin indicates that the contents of this annal should appear under the following year. A small superscript b also appears, with an insertion mark, over the d of discordia.
[63] = d70.1; P 1259, second item (1258).
[64] Read solotenus.
[65] Sic in MS: i.e. treugae.
[66] Sic in MS: i.e. nolentes.
[67] magnates in JdT.
[68] Oxonie here in JdT.
[69] An a in the left margin indicates that the contents of this annal should appear under the previous year. A small superscript a also appears, with an insertion mark, between the punctus after the date and the R ofRicardus.
[70] Possibly a scribal error for Alemanie; but the form is comparable tolaurencííseven lines further down (see e53.3).
[71] = d69.1.
[72] = d69.2; P 1259, fourth item; 14 November 1259 (HBC).
[73] plures in C.
[74] Lanhuadeyn in C.
[75] = c581.1
[76] For natiuitatis.
[77] = d71.1. 25 May 1261 (HD).
[78] = d71.2. 9 November 1261.
[79] = d71.3 (d71.3 Item eodem anno Ricardus Cicestrensis canonizatus est ).
[80] Recte Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 6th Earl of Gloucester, died of suspected poisoning at John de Griol’s Manor of Asbenfield in Waltham, near Canterbury, 14 July 1262; interred first at Tonbridge, then at Tewkesbury Abbey.
[81] The third letter of this word is blotted.
[82] For petiuerunt.
[83] The final e not properly formed, looking more like a c.
[84] motu in MS, but the o has been altered with a long dash below and to the right.
[85] Recte trefeclaud .
[86] an nno in MS.
[87] JdT has de clare here.
[88] Read parisiis.
[89] = d72.1, with the same error, parisius;14 July 1262 (HBC).
[90] = d72.2; Noted in b1283.1; P 1262, first item. Probably 15 July 1262 (HBC).
[91] A note in a cursive hand at the foot of this column highlights the discord between King Henry III of England and Simon de Montfort and the barons (e52.1).
[92] c583.1 Magna fuit discordia inter dominum eadwardum filium h(enrici) regis anglie primogenitum et barones anglie . Et lewelinus princeps nortwallie tenuit se ex parte baronum.
[93] There is no contraction mark over oia.
[94] 14 May 1264 (Ridgeway 2004).
[95] July–October 1264 (Lynn 1905).
[96] Guerra statim secuta est per totam angliam in JdT.
[97] JdT has iudeishere.
[98] E omits 1263.
[99] = d73.1. A note in cursive script next to this annal in the right margin draws attention to the battle of Lewes.
[100] = d73.2.
[101] = d73.3. A fuller account in P 1264, first item.
[102] = d73.4.
[103] 2 October 1264 (HD).
[104] = d73.5.
[105] A note in cursive script next to this annal in the right margin; two words, now indecipherable.
[106] plures in C.
[107] = c585.1 (partial paraphrase; C, after henricus rex adds et eadwardus filius eius primogenitum in bello apud Lewes . . . ); noted in P 1264, first item.
[108] fecti fueru n t inserted at the end of the next line; C , fuerunt interfecti.
[109] = c585.2.
[110] Dittograph in MS.
[111] A note in cursive script next to this annal in the right margin draws attention to the battle of Evesham.
[112] = d74.1(Quo anno . . .).
[113] = d74.2(ubi occiditur . . .); close to the right of these lines is a small geometric figure, perhaps suggestive of an armed man. Noted in greater detail in P 1265, first item.
[114] Recte deyvile(Luard ii, 371).
[115] There is a small lacuna in the vellum here obscuring the last part of this word.
[116] Kelinworð, Kenilworð in CCCC 92, f. 186v.
[117] = d75.1. Noted in P 1266, first item. P says the castle held out till the eve of the feast of Thomas the Apostle.
[118] = d75.2. Noted in b1287.1. Not in P, R or S.
[119] There are twelve further lines in the column, left blank, to the end of the page. Pages 520 and 521 have been left blank in the MS.
[120] Or read mareduti.
[121] July–August 1270, although Louis had started making preparations for the crusade as early as 1267 (Runciman, HC3; Dunbabin 1998).
[122] 25 August 1270 (Runciman, HC3); a filum runs from francie to the marginal note exercitum (in?) arab(…), now partially hidden by thebinding. This would seem to refer to the previous annal, asexercitumis written after cicilie.
[123] 3 August 1271 (HBC).
[124] 16 November 1272 (HBC).
[125] 16 November 1272 (HBC).
[126] The abbreviation forrais made over thefanda, thus fraancia.
[127] 2 August 1274 (HBC).
[128] A double lacuna spreading over four lines. The scribe has written west monasterium around this and left the next three lines blank.
[129] 1274 (= d77).
[130] 7 May 1274 (Goyau 1910; Runciman, HC3).
[131] August 1274 (HBC).
[132] .CC. erroneously omitted from this and the next annal.
[133] Edward’s coronation was on 19 August 1274 (OHE Powicke).
[134] = c595.1.
[135] 1276 (= d78).
[136] = c596.1.
[137] 1277 (= d79).
[138] 1278 (= d80).
[139] 1279 (= d81.1).
[140] 1279.
[141] 1 April 1280 (HBC). D has this item under its annal d74.
[142] 17 June and 6 Oct 1280 (HBC). D has this item under its annal d74.
[143] 7 August × 7 October 1280 (HBC; Peter Quinel or Quivel).
[144] 1281 (= d82).
[145] 1281 (OHE Powicke).
[146] The final grapheme of this date has been almost completely erased, only a faint trace remaining, but the events are of A.D. 1282.
[147] 11 December 1282 (HBC); there is a note against this annal in a cartouche in the right margin, now largely illegible, possibly beginning ‘huc usque ...’ The right edge of the cartouche has been cut away.
[148] 1282 (= d83).
[149] 11 December 1282 (HBC).
[150] Dafydd ap Gruffudd executed 3 October 1283 (HBC).
[151] 1283 (= d84).
[152] 3 October 1283 (HBC).
[153] This word runs into the binding.
[154] 1284 (= d85). Erroneous date Millio .cc .lxxxiii° added by a hand similar to Hand 1 above the line. This is a unique case of the form anno for an annal header in the MS.
[155] 28 March 1285 (HD).
[156] succ essit honori[us] added in margin at end of this line (Hand 1).
[157] AD 1285 (= d86). mense octobris inserted post-scriptum between the first and second lines (Hand 1).
[158] mense octob ris inserted above mortuus est (Hand 1).
[159] 5 October 1285 (OHE Powicke).
[160] cui primum nomen edwardus sed in coronatione mutatum added at head of column folio 155ra (Hand 1).
[161] 5 January 1286 (Goyau 1911).
[162] = c606.1. The D-text breaks off abruptly here, towards the end of page 528, line 26, with at least a further five lines ruled out but unused.
[163] There is a note against this last line in a cartouche in the right margin, again largely illegible, but beginning with a capital A or N, perhaps ‘Non inn an ...’. The right edge of the cartouche has been cut away. After this last annal, about four lines are left blank before the end of the last column.
[164] 13 May 1286 (HBC).
[165] Item breaks off abruptly.
[166] A very small a beside this indicating that a rubricated capital is wanting. domini . m.cc.lxxxvii .added above the line (Hand 1).
[167] A very small a in front of this indicating where the rubricator should form the capital.
[168] 2 April 1288 (NASA eclipse website).
[169] Last annal prepared but left blank. The capital is entirely missing.
Chronological concordance: P, (R) & S; B, C, D & E, 1251 to 1289
Actual AD dates should always be correct for events between 25 March and 24 December.
P & S: dating apparatus in P and S, following Jones 1952 and 1971. P’s explicit dates are in bold; actual dates of events, if different from that suggested by the dating apparatus, are in normal font in brackets.
B, D and E: explicit dating apparatus is in italics; actual dates of events, if different from that suggested by the dating apparatus, are in normal font in brackets.
C: actual dates of events are in brackets in normal font.
|
AD |
P & S |
B |
C |
D |
E |
|
|
1251 |
1251 |
b1272 1251 |
c573 (empty) |
d64 1251 |
||
|
1252 |
1252 (1253) |
b1273 1252 |
||||
|
1253 |
b1274 1253 |
d65 1253 |
||||
|
1254 |
1253 (1254) |
b1275 1254 |
c574 |
d66 1254 |
e47 1254 |
|
|
1255 |
1254 (1255) |
b1276 1255 |
c575 |
e48 1255 |
||
|
1256 |
1255 (1256) |
b1277 1256 |
c576 c577 (empty) |
e49 1256 |
||
|
1257 |
1256 (1257) 1257 |
b1278 1257 |
c578 |
d67 1257 |
e50 1257 |
|
|
1258 |
1258 (1259) |
b1279 1258 |
c579 |
d68 1258 |
e51 1258 |
|
|
1259 |
b1280 1259 |
c580 (empty) |
d69 1259 |
e53 1260 (1259) [1] |
||
|
1260 |
1260 |
b1281 1260 |
c581 |
d70 1260 |
e52 1259 (1260) |
|
|
1261 |
1261 |
b1282 1261 |
c582 (empty) |
d71 1261 |
e54 1261 |
|
|
1262 |
1262 |
b1283 1262 |
c583 |
d72 1262 |
e55 1262 |
|
|
1263 |
1263 |
b1284 1263 |
c584 (empty) |
|||
|
1264 |
1264 |
b1285 1264 |
c585 c586.1 (1264) |
d73 1264 |
e56 1264 |
|
|
1265 |
1265 |
b1286 1265 |
d74 1265 |
e57 1265 |
||
|
1266 |
1266 |
b1287 1266 |
d75 1266 |
e58 1266 |
||
|
1267 |
1267 |
b1288 1267 |
||||
|
1268 |
1268 |
b1289 1268 |
||||
|
1269 |
1269 |
b1290 1269 (empty) |
||||
|
1270 |
1270 |
b1291 1270 |
c586.2 (1270) c587 (1270) c588 (empty) c589 (empty) c590 (empty) c591 (empty) |
c592 [2] |
||
|
1271 |
1271 |
b1292 1271 |
c593 |
|||
|
1272 |
1272 |
b1293 1272 |
c594 |
|||
|
1273 |
1273 |
b1294 1273 |
||||
|
1274 |
1274 |
b1295 1274 |
c595 |
d76 1273 (1274) [3] d77 1274 |
||
|
1275 |
1275 |
b1296 1275 |
c596 |
|||
|
1276 |
1276 |
b1297 1276 |
c597 |
d78 1276 |
||
|
1277 |
1277 |
b1298 1277 |
c598 |
d79 1277 |
||
|
1278 |
1278 |
c599 |
d80 1278 |
|||
|
1279 |
1279 |
c600 |
d81 1279 (1279–80) |
|||
|
1280 |
1280 |
c601 |
||||
|
1281 |
1281 |
c602 |
d82 1281 |
|||
|
1282 |
1282 |
b1299 12(82) |
c603 |
d83 1282 |
||
|
1283 |
1283 |
b1300 1283 |
c604 |
d84 1283 |
||
|
1284 |
1284 |
c605 |
d85 1284 |
|||
|
1285 |
(1285–88) [4] |
c606 |
d86 1285 |
|||
|
1286 |
b1301 1286 (1284?) [5] |
c607 |
||||
|
1287 |
c608 |
|||||
|
1288 |
c609 |
|||||
|
1289 |
1289 (1287) |
c610 (empty) |
||||
[1] It is acknowledged in the MS that these two annals, e52 and e53, have been entered in the wrong chronological order.
[2] First of the final run of annals in C, commencing on the first page of a new bifolio.
[3] Both this and the following annal are for events of 1274.
[4] P 'After that there were four years of continued peace at a stretch, without anything to be recorded for that length of time.' S 'And after that there were four years in peace with nothing that could be placed on record, with John Pennardd holding Gwynedd under the king.'
[5] See Smith 2008, 74, fn. 114. The Annales Cestrienses date the fire noted in B s.a. 1286 at Strata Florida twelve days before Christmas 1284. Possibly, iu in the source was misread as ui.